Nomenclature of Organic Compounds and Isomerism Text Book Questions and Answers

Text Book Page No: 97

Nomenclature Of Organic Compounds And Isomerism Class 10 Question 1.
The given structures indicate the valency of carbon. Imagine that hydrogen atoms are added to these structures. Complete the given structures.

Text Book Page No: 98

Chemistry Chapter 6 Kerala Syllabus Question 2.
Complete the table (6.2) given below.

Answer:

Chemistry Chapter 6 Solutions Kerala Syllabus Question 3.
What is the relationship between the number of atoms of carbon and hydrogen in alkane?
Answer:
Number of hydrogen atoms are equal to adding 2 with twice of number of carbon atoms.

Chemistry Chapter 6 Class 10 Kerala Syllabus Question 4.
If an alkane contains ‘n’ carbon at-oms, how many hydrogen atoms will be there?
Answer:
2n + 2

Chemistry Class 10 Chapter 6 Kerala Syllabus Question 5.
If so, can you deduce a general formula for alkanes?
Answer:
CnH2n+2

Text Book Page No: 99

Nomenclature Of Organic Compounds And Isomerism Kerala Syllabus Class 10 Question 6.
What is the difference between the number of carbon atoms and hydrogen atoms in CH4 and C2H6 ?
Answer:
One carbon and two hydrogen atoms (CH2)

Chemistry Chapter 6 Notes Kerala Syllabus Question 7.
Is the difference same in the case of C2H6 and C3H8.
Answer:
Yes

Nomenclature Of Organic Compounds Class 10 State Syllabus Question 8.
What is the difference between the molecular formulae of any two successive alkanes?
Answer:
CH2

Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 6 Question 9.
Complete the table given below (Table 6.3).

Answer:

Text Book Page No: 100

Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 6 Kerala Syllabus Question 10.
Analyze Table 6.3 and find the number of hydrogen atoms in an alkene with ‘n’ carbon atoms.
Answer:
2n

Sslc Chemistry Chapter 6 Questions Kerala Syllabus Question 11.
If so, can a general formula of alkenes be deduced? Try to write it.
Answer:
CnH2n

Sslc Chemistry Chapter 6 Notes Pdf Kerala Syllabus Question 12.
Complete the table 6.4.

Answer:

Chemistry Class 10 Chapter 6 Kerala Syllabus Question 13.
Analyse Table 6.4 and find out how many hydrogen atoms would be present in an alkyne within carbon atoms.
Answer:
2n – 2

Organic Chemistry Kerala Syllabus Question 14.
If so, can a general formula of alkynes be deduced? Try to write the general formula of alkynes?
Answer:
CnH2n-2

Chemistry Nomenclature Of Organic Compounds Kerala Syllabus Question 15.
Check whether the alkynes given in the above table are members of a homologous series.
Answer:
Yes

Text Book Page No: 102

Chemistry Chapter 6 Class 10 Kerala Syllabus Question 16.
Write the IUPAC names of all the alkanes in Table 6.2.
Answer:
CH4 — Methane
C2H6 — Ethane
C3H8 — Propane
C4H10 — Butane
C5H12 — Pentane

Text Book Page No: 103

Class 10 Chemistry Chapter 6 Notes Kerala Syllabus Question 17.

number for the carbon atom carrying the branch?
b. Number of carbon atoms in the main chain.
c. Word root
d. Suffix
e. Name of the alkyl radical coming as branch.
f. Position of the branch.
Answer:
a. 2
b. 4
c. But
d. -ane
e. methyl
f. 2

Kerala Syllabus 10th Standard Chemistry Chapter 6  Questions 18.
Complete the table 6.3.

Answer:

Text Book Page No: 104

Hsslive Guru 10th Chemistry Kerala Syllabus Question 19.
Some structural formula are given below. Name them.

Answer:

• Number of carbon atoms in the main chain: 5
• Number of branch/branches: 2
• Position of the first branch while numbering from left to right: 2
• Position of the first branch while numbering from right to left: 2
• Is there any change in the position number: Nil
• IUPAC name: 2, 4 dimethyl pentane

Text Book Page No: 105

10th Class Chemistry Chapter 6 Malayalam Kerala Syllabus Question 20.

Number the carbon atoms in the main chain of the above compound given above. Put an ✓ against the correct position numbers of the branches.

Answer:

a. What is the IUPAC name?
Answer:
2,4 – Dimethyl hexane.

b. Which is the second branch?
Answer:
CH3

c. When does this branch get the lowest number? Put a ✓ mark against the correct one.
d. While numbering from left to right
e. While numbering from right to left
Answer:
While numbering from right to left ✓

Class 10 Organic Chemistry Questions Kerala Syllabus Question 21.
Write the IUPAC name of the compound given below.

Answer:
2, 3, 6 – trimethylheptane

 Chemistry Kerala Syllabus Question 22.

See the given compound
Answer:
No. of branches in this compound: 2
Names of the branches: methyl
Position numbers of branches: 2, 2
IUPAC name: 2, 2-dimethylbutane

Text Book Page No: 106

 10th Chemistry Kerala Syllabus Question 23.
How can the structure of 2, 3- dimethylbutane be written?
Answer:

a. How many carbon atoms are present in its main chain?
Answer:
4

b. Let us represent the main chain.
Answer:
C – C – C- C

c. Which are the branches?
Answer:
Methyl groups – 2 in number

d. What are the positions?
Answer:
2, 3

Question 24.
Complete the table given below. (Table 6.4).

Answer:

Text Book Page No: 107

Question 25.
Complete the table 6.5.

Answer:

Question 26.
Can you write the structural formula of the compound C2H4 ?
Answer:
CH2 = CH2

Question 27.
If so, what will be structural formula of But – 2- ene?
Answer:
CH3 – CH = CH – CH3

Text Book Page No: 108

Question 28.
Which is IUPAC name of the com-pound CH3 – CH2 – CH = CH – CH3? Tick (✓) the right one.
Pent – 3 – ene
Pent – 2 – ene
Answer:
Pent – 2 – ene ✓

Question 29.
CH3 – C = C – CH3 But – 2 – yne
How many hydrocarbons can be written by changing the position of triple bond in this compound? Try to write their IUPAC names also.
Answer:
CH3 = C – C – CH3 But – 1 – yne
CH3 – C = C – CH3 But – 2 – yne
CH3 – C – C = CH3 But – 1 – yne

Text Book Page No: 109

Question 30.
Try to write down the molecular formula of Benzene.
Answer:
C6H6

Text Book Page No: 110

Question 31.
See the compound given below.
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – OH
Write its molecular formula.
Answer:
C3H8O

Question 32.

Write the molecular formula.
Answer:
C3H8O

Question 33.
Then try to write the IUPAC name of the second compound.
Answer:
Propan – 2 – ol

Text Book Page No: 112

Question 34.
Complete the table 6.6.

Answer:

Question 35.
See the two compounds given below.

a. What are the similarities between these two compounds?
Answer:
No change in the molecular formula and functional group

b. Molecular formula : C3HgO
c. Functional group: OH
d. What is the difference between them?
Answer:
Position is different

Question 36.
Examine the two compounds given below.

a. Try to write the molecular formula. Can’t you write the IUPAC names of these compounds?
Answer:
Molecular formula: C4H10
IUPAC Name: Butane, 2 – Methyl Propane.

b. What is the difference between them?
Answer:
The structure of carbon chains differs from each other.

Text Book Page No: 113

Question 37.
What are the functional groups in CH3 – CH2 – OH and CH3 – O – CH3 ?
Answer:
-OH, CH3-O-

Question 38.
Try to write down their molecular formula
Answer:
C2H6O

Question 39.
Are they isomers?
Answer:
Yes. They show functional isomerism

Text Book Page No: 114

Organic Chemistry Chapter 2 Problem 15s Question 40. Try to write down all position isomers of the compounds CH3 -CH2 – CH2 – Cl.
Answer:

Question 41.
Examine the compounds given below and find out the isomeric pairs. To which type do they belong?

Answer:
Pairs of isomers :
1. CH3 – CH2 -CH2 -CH2 -CH3,

: Chain isomerism.
2. CH3 -CH2 -CH2 -CH2 -OH,

: Position isomerism.
5. CH3 -CH2 -CH2 -OH
6. CH3 -CH2 -O -CH3
: Functional Isomerism

Organic Chemistry Chapter 2 Problem 5s Question 42. How many position isomers are possible for CH3 -CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – OH.
Answer:
3

a. Write the structure and IUPAC names of its functional isomers?
Answer:

Question 43.
How many position isomers are possible for CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2- CH2 – CH3 ? Write them down.
Answer:
5

i. CH3 -CH2 -CH2 -CH2 -CH2 -CH3

Organic Chemistry Chapter 1 Problem 6s Question 44.
The structural formula of various compounds are given. Tabulate them into different pairs of isomers. Write down their IUPAC names also.

Answer:
Chain isomers
1. CH3 -CH2 -CH2 -CH2 -CH2 -CH3
Hexane

Functional group isomers
2. CH3 – CH2 – O – CH3
Methoxy ethane
4. CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – OH
Propan -1 -ol

Let Us Assess

SSLC Chemistry Chapter 6 Question 1. Mark the main chain in the compounds given below.

Answer:

Question 2.
See how the carbon chains are numbered. Correct the wrong ones.

Answer:

Question 3.
Write down the IUPAC names of the given compounds.


Answer:

Question 4.
Write down the structural formulae of compounds given below.
a.2, 2 – Dimethylhexane
b. But – 2 – ene.
Answer:

b. CH3 – CH = CH – CH3

Question 5.
Write down the structural formula of compound C2H10. Write down the structural formula of one of its isomers which is an alicyclic compound.
Answer:

Extended Activities

Question 1.
Given below are certain hints about a hydrocarbon.
1. The molecular formula is C5H10.
2. Has a methyl radical as branch.
a. Write the structural formula of any two possible isomers of their compound.
b. Write their IUPAC names.
Answer:

b. i. 3-Methyl but – 1 – ene
ii. 2 – Methyl but – 2 – ene
iii. 2 – Methyl but -1 – ene

Organic Chemistry Chapter 2 Problem 14s Question 2. Write down the IUPAC names of the compounds given below.

d. CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – C = CH
e. CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – OH
f. CH3 – CH2 – O – CH3
g. CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – COOH
Answer:
a. 4-Methylhept-l-ene
b. 3, 5 – diethylheptane
c. 2, 4-dimethyl hexane
d. Pent – l – yne
e. Propane – 1 – ol
f. Methoxyethane
g. Hexanoic acid

Question 3.
Write the structural formulae of all possible isomers of the compound with molecular formula C4H10. Identify the different isomer pairs from them and find the type of isomerism to which each pair belongs.
Answer:
a. CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – OH

c. CH3 – O – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
d. CH3 – CH2 – O – CH2 – CH3
e. CH3 – CH – CH2 – OH

Question 4.
Find three pairs of isomers from the compounds given below. Identify the type of isomerism to which each pair belongs.
a. Propan -1 – ol
b. 2, 2, 3, 3 – Tetra methyl butane
c. Octane
d. Propan – 2 – ol
e. Methoxyethane
Answer:
1. Propan – l – ol
Propan – 2 – ol (Position isomerism)
2. Octane
2, 2, 3, 3 -Tetramethyl butane (Chain Isomerism)
3. Propan – l – ol Methoxyethane (Functional Isomerism)

Question 5.
The structural formulae of two organic compounds are given.
i. CH3 – O – CH2 – CH3
ii. CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – OH
a. What are the IUPAC name of these compounds?
b. Write one similarity and one difference between these two compounds,
c. What is this phenomenon known as?
Answer:
a. i. Methoxy ethane ii. Propan – l – ol
b. Similarity: Molecular formula is same
Difference: Functional group is different
c. Functional group isomerism.

Question 6.
Write down the structural formulae of the following compounds.
a. Cyclopentane
b. Cyclobutene
Answer:

Nomenclature of Organic Compounds and Isomerism Orukkam Questions and Answers

Question 1.
Write the structure, Root word, Suffix and IUPAC name of
CH4, C3H6, C3H8 ,C4H10, C5H12, C6H14, C2H4, C3H6, C4H8, C5H10, C6H12, C2H2, C3H4, C4H6, C5H8, C6H10.

Question 2.
Write down the IUPAC name of the compound
CH3
CH3 – CH2 – CH – CH3
a. How many Carbon sare there in the main Chain?
b. Position number of the branch,
c. Name of the branch,
d. IUPAC Name.
Answer:
a. Four
b. Two
c. Methyl
d. 2 – Methyl Butane

Question 3.
Write down the IUPAC name of the following structures by finding the branch no, Branch name and no.of carbons in the main chain.
Answer:

Question 4.
Draw the structure of the following compounds.
a 2, 2 – Dimethyl pentane
b. 2, 4 – Dimethyl octane
Answer:
a. 2, 2 – Dimethyl pentane

b. 2, 4 – Dimethyl octane

Question 5.
Complete the table.

Answer:

Question 6.
Find out the pairs exhibiting same type of Isomerism from those given below.

Answer:

Evaluation Questions

Question 7.
Write down the structure of C4H10 then write possible isomeric forms of the same.
Answer:
C4H10 → CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3 Butane Chain Isomerism

Question 8.
Write down all the position isomers of CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – OH
Answer:
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – OH – pent – l – ol

Question 9.

Write down the IUPAC name of the compounds given above and then write the name of the isomerism exhibited by it.
Answer:
Functional Isomerism
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – O – CH2 – CH2 – CH3 – Propoxy propane

Question 10.
Write down all the possible structures of C5H10. Name them, what type of isomerism are they exhibiting?
Answer:
Position Isomerism

Question 11.
Write down all the position isomers and functional group isomers of the compound. Name all of the compounds.
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – O – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
Answer:

Answer:
a. C7H16
b. CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
c. Hexane
d. CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3

Question 13.
The structure of a hydrocarbon having 5 carbon atoms is given below.

a. Complete the structure by adding hydrogen atoms.
b. Write the molecular formula of the compound
c. Write a possible chain isomer of the compound
d. Write its IUPAC name.
Answer:

b. C5H12

d. Pentane or 2, 2 – dimethyl propane

Question 14.
The parts of the structure of an organic compound are given below.

a. Write a completed structure of an organic compound by connecting all the groups given above.
b. Write the IUPAC name of the compound
c. Write the structure of a position isomer of the compound.
Answer:

Question 15.
A hydrocarbon chain with molecular C7H16 is numbered in four different ways.

a. Which of the above is numbered correctly?
b. What is the name of alkyl radical found as the branch?
c. Write the IUPAC name of the compound.
Answer:
a. Cb. Methyl
c. 3 – methyl hexane

Question 16.
Analyze the following structural formula and answer the questions.

a. How many carbon atoms are there in the longest chain?
b. What are the positions of the branches?
c. Write the IUPAC name of the compound.
Answer:
a. 6
b. 2, 4
c. 2,4 dimethyl hexane

Question 17.
The features of an organic compound are given.
1. It’s an alkane.
2. There are 7 carbon atoms in the longest chain.
3. There is a methyl radical on the 3rd carbon and ethyl radical on the 4th carbon.
a. Write the structural formula of the compound.
b. Write the IUPAC name of the compound
Answer:

b. 4- ethyl – 3 – methyl heptane

Question 18.
The functional groups of two compounds with same molecular formula are given. Analyze it and complete the boxes.

ii. What is the name of this
Answer:
i. (a) CH3 – CH2 – CO – CH3 or CH3 – CO – CH2 – CH3
(b) Butan – 2 – one
(c) CH3-CH2-CH2CHO
ii. Functional isomerism

Question 19.
Analyse the given organic compounds and answer the following questions.
i. CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3

iii. CH3 – CO – CH3
iv. CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – OH
v. CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CHO
a. Identify the isomer pairs. Write the type of isomerism observed in them.
b. Write the structure of the isomer of compound (iii). Write the IUPAC name.
Answer:

& CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – OH
Position isomerism
b. CH3 – CH2 – CHO, Propanal

Question 20.
Complete the table.

Answer:
a. Hydroxyl
b. Amino
c. Butane – l – amino
d. CH3 – CH2 – O – CH2 – CH2 – CH3

Question 21.
a, b, c, are the different isomers of C4H10O.

i. identify a, b, c
ii. identify a pair of functional isomers among them.
Answer:

Question 22.

a. Write the IUPAC name of this compound.
b. Write the molecular formula.
c. Write the structural formula of its isomer
d. Identify the type of isomerism in the above.
Answer:
a. 2 – Methyl propane
b. C4 – H10
c. CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
d. Chain isomerism

Question 23.
The structural formula of two organic compounds are given below.
i. CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – OH
ii. CH3 – O – CH2 – CH3
a. What is the similarity between these two? What is the phenomenon known as?
b. Is their chemical properties the same? What is the reason?
c. Write the functional groups of these two compounds.
Answer:
a. Same molecular formula, Isomerism.
b. No, In these functional groups are different
c. Hydroxyl, Alkoxy

Question 24.
Analyze the IUPAC names given to the following organic compounds and correct them, if incorrect.

iii. CH3 – CH2 – CH = CH – CH3 : Pent – 3 -ene
Answer:
i. 3 – Methylhexane
ii. Pent – 2 – ene

Question 25.
An organic compound is given below. CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH = CH – CH3
Pick out suitable statements for the given compound from below.
a. It’s a saturated compound b The general formula is CnH2n
c. It’s an alkene
d. IUPAC name is hex – 4 – ene
e. Similar with the molecular formula of cyclohexane.
f. IUPAC name is hex – 2 – ene.
Answer:
b.The general formula is CnH2n
c. It’s an alkene
e. Similar with the molecular formula of cyclohexane.
f. IUPAC name hex – 2 ene.

Question 26.
CH3 – CH2 – C = C – CH2 – CH3
a. Write the IUPAC name of this organic compound.
b. Write the structure of any two isomers of this compound.
Answer:
a. Hex-3-yne
b. CH3 – C = C – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
CH3 – CH2 – C = C – CH2 – CH3

Question 27.
Some details about the structure of an organic compound are given below.
i. There are 5 carbon atoms in the main chain.
ii. There is a double bond between 1st and 2nd carbon atoms.
iii. There is a methyl radical on the 3rd carbon as a branch.
a. Write the structural formula of this compound.
b. Identify the category of organic compounds.
Answer:
a. CH2 = CH – CH – CH2 – CH3
CH3
b. Alkene

Question 28.
Match the following.

Answer:

Question 29.
CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – OH
a. Write the structure of a chain isomer of this compound.
b. Write the IUPAC name of a position isomer of the given compound.
c. Write the structure of the functional isomer of the given compound. What is the name of the functional group in the isomer.
Answer:

b. Butan – 2 – ol
c. CH3 – CH2 – O – CH2 – CH3
CH3 – O – CH2 – CH2 – CH3
Alkoxy group

Question 30.
CH3 – CH2 – CH = CH2
a. Write the IUPAC name of this organic compound.
b. Give the structure of the alicyclic compound having the same molecular formula. Write its IUPAC name.
Answer:
a. But – 2- ene
b. Cyclobutane

Nomenclature of Organic Compounds and Isomerism Exam Oriented Questions And Answers

Very Short Answer Type Questions (Score 1)

Question 31.
Examine the organic compound given below

a. How many carbons atoms are there in the longest carbon chain?
b. Which are the substituents?
c. How is the longest carbon chain numbered in this? (Left to right or right to left)
d. Give the IUPAC name of the compound.
Answer:
a. 8
b. Methyl, Ethyl
c. Right to left
d. 3 – Ethyle – 6 – Methyloctane

Question 32.
The names of some organic compounds are given below. Identify the wrong ones and correct them.
a Butan – 3 – ol
b. Hexanoic acid
c. 3 – ethyl – 2 – methyl pentane
d. 2, 2, 3 – methyl hexane
e. Methanol
Answer:
a. In this Butane – 3 – ol is incorrect. Butane – 2 – 0l is correct name.
d. 2, 2, 3 – Trimethylhexane

Question 33.
The name of an organic compound was written as 5- Methyl hexane.
a. Is this name correct?
b. If not draw its structural formula and give reason.
c. Give the correct IUPAC name.
Answer:
a. Name of the compound is incorrect.

In this compound, the longest carbon chain can numbered from right to left. Therefore 2 is the position value of branched carbon.
c. 2 – Methylhexane

Question 34.
Ether is a functional isomer of alcohol.
a. Which is the alcohol that has no functional isomer?
b. Write its IUPAC name.
Answer:
a. CH3 – OH
b. Methanol

Question 35.
From the below organic compounds, identify the pairs of isomers.
a. CH3 – CH2 – CH = CH2

c. CH3 – C = CH

Answer:
(a), (d) are isomers,
(b), (c) are isomers.

Short Answer Type Questions (Score 2)

Question 36.
Some hints are given below about an organic compound:
1. It contains 4 carbons.
2. It contains 1 oxygen atoms and 10 hydrogen atoms.
a. Write the structural formulas of the possible compounds using the above hints.
b. Write the IUPAC names of each.
Answer:

Question 37.
The names of some organic compounds are given below. Identify their functional group.
a. 2 – Methoxybutane
b. Heptane – 2 – ol
c. Propan – l – amine d Propanone
e. Pentanal
Answer:
a. Methoxy (CH3 – O -): Ether
b. Hydroxine (-OH): Alcohol
c. Amino (-NH2): Amines
d. Keto (-CO-): Ketones
e. Aldehyde (-CHO): Aldehydes
i. 1 – Methoxypropane
ii. Ethoxyethane

Question 38.
Look at the compounds given in the bracket [ Methanoic acid, Propane, Chlorobutane, Butyne, Methoxy-methane]
a. Which is the hydrocarbon that doesn’t have a chain isomer?
b. Which one has position isomer?
c. Which one has only one carbon atom?
d. Which belongs to the family of ether?
Answer:
a. Propane.
b. Chloroquine.
c. Mehtanoic acid
d. Methoxymethane

Short Answer Type Questions (Score 3)

Question 39.
a. Write all possible organic compounds with formula C3H8O. Give their IUPAC names.
b. Find out the isomers from this. Which type of isomerism do each exhibit?
Answer:

Methoxyethane
b. (i), (ii) are isomers.
Position isomerism
(i) , (iii) are isomers.
Functional isomerism
(ii), (iii) are isomers.
Functional isomerism

Question 40.
Give numbers in the correct order to the carbon chains given below:
Answer:

Answer:

Question 41.
Write the names of the following groups.
a. CH2 – CH3
b. -CO
c. -O – CH2 – CH3
d. -Cl
e. -COOH
f. -OH
Answer:
a. Ethane
b. Keto
c. Ethoxy
d. Chloro
e. Carboxyl
f. Hydroxyl

Long Answer Type Questions (Score 4)

Question 42.
Write the IUPAC names of the following organic compounds:

b. CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – OH
c. CH3 – COOH

Question 43.
Draw the structural formula of the following compounds.
a. Butanone
b. Methoxyethane
c. 2-Chloropropane
d. 2, 2, 3, 3- Tetramethylbutane
e. Ethanal
f. Ethyne
Answer:

Question 44.
Complete the following table.

Answer:
a. CH3 – CH2 – CH2 – CH2 – CH3 b.


d. Pentane
e. 2 – Methylbutane
f. 2, 2 – Dimethylpropane
g. CH3 – CH2 – CHO
h. CH3 – CO – CH3
i. Propanol
j.propanone

Question 45.
Match the molecular formula with the IUPAC names of the following compounds.

Pentanal, 1 – Methoxypentane, Methanoic acid, 3 – Ethyl – 3 – Propyl Pentane, 1 – Methoxybutane, 3, 3-Diethylhexane, Hex – 3 -yne.
Answer: